GCSE Mathematics (9-1)

13.3 Transformations of graphs — Practise

Work independently. Questions and answers are checked from the same problem bank. Questions marked H extend the Higher work.

  1. H Translate y=x2y=x^2 up 4 units. Write its new equation.
  2. H Translate y=x2y=x^2 3 units right. Write its new equation.
  3. H Translate y=x2y=x^2 2 units left and 1 unit up. Give the equation and turning point.
  4. H Reflect y=x3y=x^3 in the xx-axis. Give the new equation.
  5. H Reflect y=x2+1y=x^2+1 in the yy-axis. Give the new equation.
  6. H The point (2,5)(2,5) lies on y=f(x)y=f(x). State its image after reflection in the xx-axis.
  7. H The point (4,3)(4,3) lies on y=f(x)y=f(x). State its image after reflection in the yy-axis.
  8. H The point (2,5)(2,5) lies on y=f(x)y=f(x). State its image under y=f(x)−4y=f(x)-4.
  9. H H Starting with y=f(x)y=f(x), reflect in the xx-axis, then translate 3 units right and 2 units up. Write the transformed rule.
Answers and concise solutions

1. Vertical translation

Answer: y=x2+4y=x^2+4.

2. Horizontal translation

Answer: y=(x−3)2y=(x-3)^2.

3. Combined translation

Answer: y=(x+2)2+1y=(x+2)^2+1. The turning point is (−2,1)(-2,1).

4. xx-axis reflection

Answer: y=−x3y=-x^3.

5. yy-axis reflection

Answer: y=(−x)2+1=x2+1y=(-x)^2+1=x^2+1.

6. xx-axis reflection of a point

Answer: The image is (2,−5)(2,-5): the input stays fixed and the output changes sign.

7. yy-axis reflection of a point

Answer: The image is (−4,3)(-4,3): the input changes sign and the output stays fixed.

8. Point after vertical shift

Answer: The image is (2,1)(2,1).

9. Combined transformations

Answer: y=−f(x−3)+2y=-f(x-3)+2.

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