About this book
What this book is
This is a complete A-level Mathematics book for England. It follows the specifications of AQA, Pearson Edexcel and OCR. You can read the whole book in a browser, and there is nothing to install.
Every section has three pages. Learn teaches the ideas and the method. Practise with help gives questions with hints you can reveal. Practise gives independent questions, with the answers at the end. Each chapter opens with a problem you can solve by the end, and closes with a Review.
Who made it
This book is part of Open.Textbook, an independent project by Leon Vaughan, who wrote and assembled it.
Answers are checked by a computer
The questions and answers in Practise come from one set of data. Before the book is published, a computer checks that data with SymPy, a computer algebra system. The check tests each step against the claim it makes, so a page cannot show an answer the check did not pass.
The check proves the mathematics. It cannot judge whether an explanation is clear. If a page is confusing, report it, even when the answer is correct.
Where the content comes from
The curriculum follows the subject content published by the Department for Education. That material is Crown copyright, and it is used here under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
The specification content, and any wording taken from a specification, belongs to the awarding bodies. AQA, Pearson Edexcel and OCR publish the specifications this book follows.
The formulae and tables in the Formulae booklet are the awarding bodies' own sheets. Ofqual decides which material the boards must provide.
The claims in this book rest on these documents:
- Mathematics: AS and A level content (April 2016)
- AQA A-level Mathematics 7357 specification, version 1.3 (31 January 2018)
- Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Mathematics (9MA0) specification, Issue 4 (February 2020)
- Cambridge OCR Level 3 Advanced GCE in Mathematics A (H230/H240) specification, version 3.1 (August 2026)
- Ofqual: GCE Subject Level Conditions and Requirements for Mathematics (April 2016)
- OCR: Notes on the Large Data Set, OCR Mathematics A (H230/H240)
- AQA Formulae for A-level Mathematics, AS Mathematics (7356) and A-level Mathematics (7357), v1.2 (first issued August 2017)
- Pearson Edexcel Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables, Issue 1 (July 2017), for Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced GCE Mathematics (8MA0/9MA0) and Further Mathematics (8FM0/9FM0)
- OCR A Level Mathematics A (H240) formulae sheet, printed in every question paper; H240/01 June 2025 question paper, and the specification v3.1 (August 2026) appendix
These sources were last checked on 2026-10-12.
No awarding body endorses this book, and the Department for Education does not supply it.
Reporting a mistake
If you find a mistake, report it as an issue on the project's GitHub page: https://github.com/leonpjvaughan/Open.Textbook/issues/new.
That route needs a free GitHub account. The project has no email address, because it does not run a mail service.
In your report, say which page you were reading, what you expected, and what you saw. That is enough to find the mistake and fix it.
Licence
This book is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. That covers the text and figures written for this book. Material from the sources listed above keeps its own copyright and licence.